Companies by listing

US-listed rare earth companies with projects outside the US

Seven companies listed on the NYSE, NYSE American or Nasdaq hold, build or have agreed to take part in rare earth projects outside the United States: Critical Metals Corp, USA Rare Earth, Energy Fuels, MP Materials, Rare Earths Americas, IMC Rare Earths and REalloys. Between them they have 18 projects in 11 countries, and six of the projects are in Brazil.

Two of the seven have no US project (Critical Metals Corp and IMC Rare Earths), and three began trading on a US exchange in 2026. Lynas trades in the US only over the counter, and Mkango's Nasdaq listing is still pending; both are covered below. Tickers are facts, not advice.

Verified through Oct 1, 2026

US-listed companies
7NYSE, NYSE American or Nasdaq
Projects outside the US
18In 11 countries
In Brazil
6Held by four of the companies
With no US project
2Critical Metals Corp and IMC Rare Earths
Listed in 2026
3Plus one listing pending

The definition

What is a US-listed rare earth company with projects outside the US?

A US-listed rare earth company with projects abroad has shares on the NYSE, NYSE American or Nasdaq and owns, builds, holds a stake in or has signed an agreement for a rare earth mine, plant or refinery outside the United States. The table shows each one's ticker, projects and US footprint.

US-listed
Shares trade on the NYSE, NYSE American or Nasdaq. A foreign listing with an over-the-counter ADR (Lynas) and a listing that has not closed (Mkango) are shown apart.
Project abroad
A mine, plant, refinery or stake outside the US, or a joint venture, offtake or term sheet for one. An agreed purchase that has not closed is marked pending.
Rare earth company
Rare earths are its main business or plan. Large diversified miners with a small rare earth interest are left out.
Company-reported
Resource sizes, capacity and schedules are the companies' own statements and are labeled so. Nothing is added up.
No advice
This directory publishes no prices, ratings or opinions on securities. See the editorial policy.

The comparison

Which US-listed rare earth companies have projects outside the US?

Seven companies: Critical Metals Corp, USA Rare Earth, Energy Fuels, MP Materials, Rare Earths Americas, IMC Rare Earths and REalloys. The table gives each company's ticker, its projects abroad, the furthest-along one, its US sites and the government support recorded for it. Filter by exchange, by country or by whether it has a US project.

Exchange
Country of a project
US project
7 of 7 shown
US-listed rare earth companies with projects outside the US. Tickers are facts, not recommendations.
CompanyTicker and exchangeProjects outside the USFurthest along abroadUS sitesGovernment support recorded
Critical Metals CorpA Greenland-focused developer: Tanbreez is its only rare earth project.Nasdaq: CRMLBritish Virgin Islands company; files annual reports on Form 20-F as a foreign private issuerGreenland: Tanbreez; Romania: Romania processing plant; Saudi Arabia: Saudi processing facilityDevelopmentTanbreez (Greenland)None. Its other asset is the Wolfsberg lithium project in Austria.EXIM letter of interest for up to $120M, a non-binding 15-year term loan for Tanbreez (Jun 2025). It expired on Jun 14, 2026 and a renewal application is in progress (company-reported); the tracker lists it as lapsed and does not count it.
USA Rare EarthA mine-to-magnet company that added the Serra Verde mine in Brazil in Sept 2026.Nasdaq: USARBrazil: Serra Verde (Pela Ema mine); United Kingdom: Less Common Metals; France: CaresterProducingSerra Verde (Pela Ema mine) (Brazil)Stillwater magnet plant (OK), Round Top (TX), Blacksburg campus (SC), Wheat Ridge lab (CO).Commerce up to $1.6B, definitive agreements (Jun 2026), milestone-based; plus announced support for Serra Verde in Brazil
Energy FuelsA uranium miller that separates rare earths from monazite and is building feedstock and metal supply abroad.NYSE American: UUUUTSX: EFRMadagascar: Vara Mada (formerly Toliara); Brazil: Bahia; Australia: Donald, Dubbo; South Korea: Korean Metals Plant; Germany: Vacuumschmelze (VAC) (agreed purchase)Plant operatingKorean Metals Plant (South Korea)White Mesa Mill (UT).Office of Strategic Capital $725M loan (conditional)
MP MaterialsThe only active US rare earth mine, with one planned refinery abroad.NYSE: MPSaudi Arabia: Saudi rare earth refineryPlant plannedSaudi rare earth refinery (Saudi Arabia)Mountain Pass (CA), Independence magnet plant (TX), 10X campus (TX).DoD $400M preferred stock and $110/kg NdPr floor (completed)
Rare Earths AmericasAn exploration-stage company with ionic clay projects in Brazil and a monazite prospect in Georgia.NYSE American: REABegan trading May 6, 2026Texas company based in Manchester, GeorgiaBrazil: Alpha, Constellation, HomerExplorationAlpha (Brazil)Shiloh and Liberty Peak, exploration in Georgia.None named in its prospectus.
IMC Rare EarthsAn exploration-stage company whose only project is Itarantim in Brazil.NYSE American: IMCBegan trading Jul 29, 2026Cayman Islands company based in Sao Paulo, BrazilBrazil: ItarantimExplorationItarantim (Brazil)None.None named in its prospectus.
REalloysA metals and alloys maker whose heavy rare earth supply rests on a facility in Canada and an offtake from Greenland.Nasdaq: ALOYBegan trading Feb 24, 2026Canada: Rare Earth Processing Facility (Saskatchewan Research Council); Greenland: Tanbreez (offtake)Plant buildingRare Earth Processing Facility (Saskatchewan Research Council) (Canada)Metallization facility in Euclid (OH).EXIM letter of interest up to $200M (non-binding, Oct 2025)

Tickers and listings can change; check the exchange. "Furthest along" is the project with the most advanced directory status, leaving out purchases that have not closed. Government support is the directory's record for the company, mostly for its US projects; the support section below separates what is tied to projects abroad. A company with a profile links to it; the others have no profile page yet.

Verified Oct 1, 2026 Every row links to a full profile where one exists.

Download the data: Projects abroad (CSV)JSON

Which rare earth projects outside the US do these companies hold?

The 18 projects are in 11 countries: Australia, Brazil, Canada, France, Germany, Greenland, Madagascar, Romania, Saudi Arabia, South Korea and United Kingdom. Brazil has the most, with six. One is producing (Serra Verde (Pela Ema mine) in Brazil); most of the rest are exploration or development projects, or plants that are planned or being built.

A project is listed once, under the company that holds it, and the tie is stated: owned, a stake, an agreement or an agreed purchase that has not closed. Resource figures follow the company's own reporting code and are not comparable between rows; see how to read resource estimates.

Rare earth projects outside the US held by US-listed companies, by country
Project and placeCompanyTieStageWhat it is and the stated figures
DonaldVictoria, AustraliaEnergy FuelsStakeDevelopmentA rare earth and heavy mineral sands joint venture with Astron. Energy Fuels held 12.7% on Jun 30, 2026 and can earn up to 49% by converting its advances after a positive final investment decision.Advances of A$33.07M for property and equipment, convertible to equity after a positive final investment decision (10-Q).Sources: sec.gov
DubboNew South Wales, AustraliaEnergy FuelsOwnedDevelopmentA rare earth and critical minerals deposit that came with Australian Strategic Materials, whose purchase closed on Aug 28, 2026.Sources: sec.gov cruxinvestor.com
BahiaBahia, BrazilEnergy FuelsOwnedExplorationA heavy mineral concentrate project that Energy Fuels owns. Its 10-Q calls it an exploration and permitting stage property.Sources: sec.gov
ItarantimBahia and Minas Gerais, BrazilIMC Rare EarthsOwnedExplorationAn ionic clay project of about 452 km2, held through a Brazilian subsidiary that owns 27 exploration permits. The company has no revenue and no reserves.Inferred resource of 1,100 Mt at 1,233 ppm TREO above a 650 ppm cut-off (S-K 1300, effective Mar 31, 2025); dysprosium and terbium about 26 ppm on average (company-reported).Sources: sec.gov
AlphaBahia, BrazilRare Earths AmericasOwnedExplorationAn ionic clay project on options and leases over 496 km2.Inferred resource of 201.7 Mt at 1,520 ppm TREO above a 1,000 ppm cut-off; NdPr, dysprosium and terbium are about 24% of the contained oxide (S-K 1300, company-reported).Sources: sec.gov
ConstellationMinas Gerais (Pocos de Caldas district), BrazilRare Earths AmericasOwnedExplorationAn ionic clay project on options and leases over about 59.5 km2, with the resource limited to 16 km2.Inferred resource of 266.2 Mt at 2,637 ppm TREO above a 1,000 ppm cut-off; NdPr, dysprosium and terbium are over 22% of the contained oxide (S-K 1300, company-reported).Sources: sec.gov
HomerGoias, BrazilRare Earths AmericasOwnedExplorationCarbonatite clusters with rare earth and niobium potential. The prospectus calls it an early-stage project that is not material, and says drilling began in the first quarter of 2026.Sources: sec.gov
Serra Verde (Pela Ema mine)Goias, BrazilUSA Rare EarthOwnedProducingAn ionic clay mine that makes mixed rare earth carbonate and has produced since 2024. USA Rare Earth closed its purchase on Sept 3, 2026.About $2.8B ($300M in cash plus 126.849M shares); phase one targets 6,400 t/yr of TREO by the end of 2027 (company-reported).Sources: sec.gov metaltechnews.com
Rare Earth Processing Facility (Saskatchewan Research Council)Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, CanadaREalloysAgreementPlant buildingA facility run by the provincial research council. Under definitive agreements from Dec 2025 REalloys committed about $20.6M of upgrades in return for preferred supply rights to up to 80% of the expanded output. A heavy rare earth metallization line of about $40M is to be built in Saskatoon and then moved to Ohio.Target of about 525 t/yr of NdPr, 30 t of dysprosium and 15 t of terbium a year, with first commercial production in early 2027 (company-reported).Sources: realloys.com realloys.com
CaresterFranceUSA Rare EarthStakeNo stage: a minority stakeA French rare earth separation company. USA Rare Earth signed definitive agreements on Jul 23, 2026 for a stake of about 13.6%, alongside a similar stake bought by InfraVia, with funding expected in Q3 2026. Completion is not confirmed here.Sources: sec.gov sec.gov
Vacuumschmelze (VAC)Hanau, GermanyEnergy FuelsPendingNo stage: the purchase has not closedA magnet maker that owns eVAC Magnetics in South Carolina. Energy Fuels agreed on Jun 23, 2026 to buy it for about $1.9B in equity value ($718M in cash plus 65.85M new shares), with closing expected as early as Q1 2027 after regulatory and stock exchange approvals.Sources: sec.gov
TanbreezSouthern Greenland, about 12 km northeast of QaqortoqCritical Metals CorpOwnedAlso: REalloys, offtakeAlso: Ucore Rare Metals (TSXV: UCU; OTCQX: UURAF; not US-listed), offtake letter of intent, non-bindingDevelopmentA heavy-rare-earth-rich deposit. Critical Metals went from 42% to 92.5% on Apr 29, 2026, and European Lithium holds the other 7.5%. The exploitation licence, held by Tanbreez Mining Greenland, runs through 2050. A pilot plant is being built, with stage 1 due to be complete in Aug 2026 (company, Jun 2026); this directory found no published feasibility study.JORC 2012 resource of about 45 Mt at 0.38% TREO, about 27% of it heavy (Mar 2025); a preliminary economic assessment gives an NPV of about US$3B and pre-production capital of about US$150M, partly on inferred resources. All company-reported. The S-K 1300 table in the May 2026 20-F/A is shown on the company's 42% basis. Offtake (company-reported): REalloys has a binding agreement for 15% of monthly Phase 1 production, dated May 18, 2026 and announced May 21 (REalloys says it was executed on May 20, and Critical Metals' 20-F says May 24). Ucore Rare Metals signed a non-binding letter of intent on Aug 26, 2025 for up to 10,000 t of rare earth concentrate, about 10% of initial projected production (Critical Metals' release says per year; its 20-F gives no period). Ucore's release gives no tonnage and describes a mixed rare earth carbonate or oxide over an initial 10 years from the later of Jul 1, 2027 or commercial production. The 20-F signed Sept 25, 2026 says no binding agreement with Ucore exists.Sources: sec.gov criticalmetalscorp.com criticalmetalscorp.com globenewswire.com globenewswire.com sec.gov sec.gov sec.gov criticalmetalscorp.com newsfilecorp.com
Vara Mada (formerly Toliara)Southwest MadagascarEnergy FuelsOwnedDevelopmentA heavy mineral sands project with rare earth monazite. Energy Fuels owns 100% through its 2024 purchase of Base Resources. In its Jun 30, 2026 10-Q it says it is still waiting to formalize fiscal and other terms with the government of Madagascar.Sources: sec.gov
Romania processing plantRomaniaCritical Metals CorpAgreementPlant plannedA non-binding term sheet (Dec 9, 2025) for a 50/50 joint venture with FPCU, a subsidiary of the state-owned nuclear company Nuclearelectrica, to develop and possibly build a plant that turns Tanbreez concentrate into metals and materials for the EU. Critical Metals would hold 50% on a carried-interest basis, with offtake rights to 50% of the concentrate.Sources: criticalmetalscorp.com
Saudi processing facilitySaudi ArabiaCritical Metals CorpAgreementPlant plannedA non-binding term sheet (Jan 15, 2026) with the Saudi conglomerate Tariq Abdel Hadi Abdullah Al-Qahtani & Brothers for a 50/50 joint venture in a processing facility of up to $1.5B, with offtake rights to 25% of Tanbreez concentrate. Supply depends on mining starting at Tanbreez.Sources: criticalmetalscorp.com
Saudi rare earth refinerySaudi ArabiaMP MaterialsAgreementPlant plannedA refinery joint venture agreed with the Saudi miner Maaden and the US Department of War on Nov 19, 2025 in a binding agreement. Maaden is to hold at least 51%, and MP Materials and the Department of War together are targeted at 49%. The parties still had to agree definitive documents, and no capacity, cost or date has been given.Sources: mpmaterials.com
Korean Metals PlantOchang, South KoreaEnergy FuelsOwnedPlant operatingA rare earth metal and alloy plant that also came with Australian Strategic Materials.1,300 t/yr of alloy capacity now, with 3,600 t/yr targeted by the end of 2026 (company-reported).Sources: cruxinvestor.com
Less Common MetalsEngland, United KingdomUSA Rare EarthOwnedPlant operatingA rare earth metals and alloys maker owned by USA Rare Earth. It made its first commercial yttrium metal pour in Apr 2026 (company-reported).Sources: sec.gov sec.gov

Stage uses this directory's labels (what the status labels mean). Where a row has no stage, the company holds a minority stake or an agreed purchase has not closed. Figures are company-reported unless the row says otherwise.

What kinds of projects do they hold abroad?

Four of the 18 projects are ionic clay projects, three are hard-rock deposits, three are heavy mineral sands and eight are plants. The clay and sand projects are the ones the guides describe as richer in heavy rare earths or as sources of monazite.

  • 3 companies Ionic clay projects: 4 Serra Verde (Pela Ema mine) (Brazil); Alpha (Brazil); Constellation (Brazil); Itarantim (Brazil). Clay in which rare earth ions can be leached out with a salt solution. See ion-adsorption clay.
  • 3 companies Hard-rock deposits: 3 Tanbreez (Greenland); Dubbo (Australia); Homer (Brazil). Deposits in solid rock that are mined and milled. See types of rare earth deposit.
  • 1 company Heavy mineral sands: 3 Vara Mada (formerly Toliara) (Madagascar); Bahia (Brazil); Donald (Australia). Sand deposits mined for titanium and zirconium minerals, with monazite as a by-product. See heavy mineral sands.
  • 4 companies Separation and refining plants: 5 Romania processing plant (Romania); Saudi processing facility (Saudi Arabia); Carester (France); Saudi rare earth refinery (Saudi Arabia); Rare Earth Processing Facility (Saskatchewan Research Council) (Canada). Plants that split a concentrate into separated products. See how rare earths are separated.
  • 2 companies Metal, alloy and magnet plants: 3 Less Common Metals (United Kingdom); Korean Metals Plant (South Korea); Vacuumschmelze (VAC) (Germany). Plants that make metal, alloy or magnets. See rare earth metals and alloys.

How much US government money backs projects outside the US?

The government support tracker records three items for projects outside the US, all for Serra Verde in Brazil: $750M (Department of War), $300M (Defense Logistics Agency), $565M (US International Development Finance Corporation). Three are announced, and none is shown as closed. One letter has lapsed and is not counted (EXIM for Tanbreez), and one more item, for the Saudi refinery joint venture, is not in the tracker.

The EXIM letter of interest to Critical Metals Corp for up to $120M (Tanbreez, Greenland) expired on Jun 14, 2026, and the company says an application for renewal is in progress (company-reported). It was non-binding and rests on the company's own announcements and annual reports, so the tracker lists it apart and leaves it out of its totals. MP Materials says the Department of War is to finance the US contribution to the Saudi joint venture, with no amount given, so that item has no row. Do not add these amounts to support for projects inside the US; the tracker marks each with its location and gives each term.

US government support tied to projects outside the US
CompanyProjectAgencyInstrumentAmountStatusRecorded
USA Rare EarthSerra Verde (Brazil)Department of War (Economic Defense Unit, IBAS program)Investment in the special purpose vehicle (US SIIE, LLC) that buys Serra Verde output under a 15-year offtake with price floorsAug 24, 2026$750MAnnouncedIn the tracker
USA Rare EarthSerra Verde (Brazil)Defense Logistics Agency (Department of War)Forward purchase contract with the vehicle for at least $300M of rare earth products over five yearsAug 24, 2026$300MAnnouncedIn the tracker
USA Rare EarthSerra Verde (Brazil)US International Development Finance CorporationSenior secured loan with warrants for up to 12% of SVRE Holdings Ltd.Feb 2026$565MAnnouncedIn the tracker
Critical Metals CorpTanbreez (Greenland)EXIMLetter of interest for a 15-year term loan (Supply Chain Resiliency Initiative)Jun 16, 2025Up to $120MNon-binding letter, expired Jun 14, 2026; renewal in progress (company-reported)Lapsed: listed apart, not counted
MP MaterialsSaudi refinery joint venture (Saudi Arabia)Department of WarFull financing of the US contribution, non-recourseNov 19, 2025Not statedBinding agreement; definitive agreements pending (company-reported)Not in the tracker

Amounts are as announced and are not added to US-project support. A letter of interest or a selection is not money paid. See support status labels.

Why do US-listed rare earth companies hold projects abroad?

The DFARS clause 252.225-7052 bars covered magnets and metals made in or from material mined, refined or separated in China, Russia, Iran or North Korea, and from Jan 1, 2027 it reaches back to the mine. It names four countries and does not by its terms require US origin, so supply from other countries can qualify.

REalloys says its Saskatchewan arrangement is built to meet the 2027 defense sourcing standard (company-reported), and Critical Metals sells part of Tanbreez to REalloys for US defense customers. The DFARS page explains the exceptions and waivers, and the deposit types guide explains why ionic clays and mineral sands matter for heavy rare earths.

Which rare earth companies are about to list in the US?

Mkango Rare Earths, which would hold Songwe Hill in Malawi and Pulawy in Poland, filed an amended Form F-4 on Sept 3, 2026 for a business combination with Crown PropTech Acquisitions. If it closes, its shares are to list on Nasdaq as MKAR. The form was not yet effective.

The closing needs approval by the shareholders of Crown PropTech Acquisitions and a minimum cash condition of US$5 million, and the companies gave no closing date. Mkango Resources is listed today on the TSX Venture Exchange and in London, not in the US. The business combination is pending and may not close.

Both projects are European Union strategic projects. Mkango Resources also holds 79.4% of Maginito, a partner in HyProMag USA, a planned magnet recycling plant in Texas; the sources checked do not say whether that interest moves into the new company. Until the listing closes, Mkango Rare Earths is not counted among the seven companies.

Is Lynas Rare Earths listed in the US?

Lynas Rare Earths is listed on the ASX (LYC), and in the US its shares trade only over the counter as a sponsored Level 1 ADR under LYSDY, with BNY Mellon as depositary and one ADR for each ordinary share. It is not on the NYSE or Nasdaq, so it is not in the table above.

Its US project is Lynas USA, the planned Seadrift, Texas plant, which Lynas has said carries significant uncertainty. In Mar 2026 the Department of War signed a binding letter of intent for about $96M of Lynas oxide purchases over four years. Lynas operates Mt Weld in Western Australia and a plant in Malaysia (FY26 results).

Other foreign-listed rare earth companies may also have over-the-counter tickers in the US; this directory lists only those it can source to the company or its depositary. See the publicly traded companies page for tickers of the companies it profiles.

What risks do projects outside the US add?

The companies' own filings name Brazilian tariffs and limits on foreign ownership of rural land, a Madagascar government that has not yet formalized fiscal terms, deals that are only term sheets, and early-stage projects with no revenue or reserves. This directory reports them as the companies state them.

Brazil: Rare Earths Americas warns that the US imposed new tariffs on Brazilian imports in 2025, and IMC Rare Earths notes possible restrictions on foreign investors acquiring or leasing rural land (prospectuses). Madagascar: Energy Fuels says fiscal and other terms for Vara Mada have not been formalized (10-Q, Jun 30, 2026).

Deals not final: Critical Metals' Romania and Saudi plants are non-binding term sheets, MP Materials' Saudi refinery still needs definitive agreements, USA Rare Earth's Carester stake is not confirmed closed here, and Energy Fuels' Vacuumschmelze purchase needs regulatory approvals. Early stage: Rare Earths Americas and IMC Rare Earths say they have no revenue, and neither has reserves. Investors: IMC says it may not be possible to serve process on it and that it is uncertain whether Cayman courts would hear US securities claims.

Questions about US-listed rare earth companies with projects outside...

Which rare earth companies are listed in the US and have projects abroad?

Critical Metals Corp, USA Rare Earth, Energy Fuels, MP Materials, Rare Earths Americas, IMC Rare Earths and REalloys. Each has a rare earth project outside the United States, and the table lists them with tickers. Lynas trades only over the counter and Mkango's Nasdaq listing is pending.

Is Critical Metals a US company?

No. Critical Metals Corp (Nasdaq: CRML) is a British Virgin Islands company that files annual reports on Form 20-F as a foreign private issuer. Its rare earth project, Tanbreez, is in southern Greenland, and it has no US project. It holds 92.5% of Tanbreez since Apr 29, 2026.

Is Lynas Rare Earths listed in the US?

Only over the counter. Lynas is listed on the ASX (LYC) and its sponsored Level 1 ADR trades under LYSDY, one ADR for each ordinary share. It is not on the NYSE or Nasdaq.

Which US-listed rare earth companies have no US project?

Critical Metals Corp and IMC Rare Earths. Critical Metals Corp: A Greenland-focused developer: Tanbreez is its only rare earth project. IMC Rare Earths: An exploration-stage company whose only project is Itarantim in Brazil.

Which of these companies trade on the NYSE American?

Energy Fuels (UUUU), Rare Earths Americas (REA) and IMC Rare Earths (IMC). Energy Fuels is also listed on the TSX. The others are on Nasdaq (CRML, USAR and ALOY) and the NYSE (MP).

Does a US listing mean a company is American?

No. A listing says where shares trade. Critical Metals is a British Virgin Islands company, IMC Rare Earths a Cayman Islands company based in Brazil and Rare Earths Americas a Texas company based in Georgia. This directory gives no investment advice and publishes no prices.

Sources and verification

Each profile lists its sources, a confidence grade and a verification date. Order of authority: official records (SEC filings, agency documents), company documents and technical reports, research papers, then independent press. Syndicated copies and reference works are labeled and are never the only source for a number. Company-reported figures are labeled as such, and non-binding deals are labeled "letter of intent" or "conditional".

Tags show what kind of source each link is. How sources are ranked